“You’ll wonder where the water
went if you fill the Bay with sediment.” --
Save the Bay motto, 1961
In 1898, three Berkeley women, Mrs. Edmund
Grey, Mrs. Oscar Mauer and Mrs. Sears organized
informal tea parties with the women of their
neighborhood, later calling their group the
Hillside Club. The club’s object was
to protect the hills of Berkeley from unscrupulous,
greedy developers and to prevent “unsightly
grading and the building of unsuitable and
disfiguring houses.” They were particularly
concerned that roads should follow the contours
of the land, and that trees should be planted
as screens, so that the view of the hills would
resemble a forest, and that houses should be,
essentially, invisible. In this they were quite
successful, and today the look of the Berkeley
hills reflects their efforts.
In 1959, the federal Army Corps of Engineers
issued a report suggesting it was feasible
to fill about 70 percent of the Bay.
Between 1860 and 1965, the Bay had lost about
a third of its 787 square miles of surface
area. One project, the Westbay development,
called for carving off the top of San Bruno
Mountain to fill miles of shallow Bay waters
from San Mateo to Palo Alto. In 1961, all but
four miles of the San Francisco Bay shoreline
was closed to the public.
At a series of gatherings over tea, three
Berkeley women, Sylvia McLaughlin, Katherine
Kerr and Esther Gulick, resolved to stop and
even reverse a century of careless, unregulated
urban expansion that threatened to turn the
broad and beautiful San Francisco Bay into
a narrow, polluted river. In 1961, the three
formed the environmental group Save the Bay
and signed up members for $1 apiece.
In the intervening 45 years, 13 square miles
of diked land have been added back through
environmental restoration projects. More than
300 miles of shore is accessible through parks,
trails and visitor use areas, and the sparkling
Bay and wooded hills delight the sensibilities
of seven million residents, and countless visitors.
Every time we look up at the green, forested
hills or turn toward the sparkling Bay, let
us remember that we owe a great debt to these
ladies, and their Berkeley Tea Parties.
(Source on Save the Bay is from an article
by Denis Cuff. Contra Costa Times, September
13, 2005. Source on the Hillside Club founding
is from the Hillside Club brochure.)